Skip to content

Capability Map

What the DataStack pipeline can and cannot do — an honest overview of supported data types, outputs, and current limitations.

New to linked data? See Semantic Foundation for a plain-language explanation of what the pipeline produces and why it matters for FAIR data.


Does DataStack Support My Data?

DataStack currently produces FAIR-compliant linked data from the following sources:

  • Spreadsheets and tabular lab files (CSV, TSV, ASC) — fully automated
  • Microscopy images stored in OMERO — working, early-stage deployment
  • ELN/LIMS records in OpenBIS — demonstrator-level, requires your own OpenBIS instance
  • Catena-X / SAMM aspect model JSON — production, 26 mappings live
  • IDTA / AAS submodel JSON — production
  • SQL databases — via external Ontop tool, no built-in integration yet
  • Existing RDF or JSON-LD — accepted directly, no transformation needed
  • Arbitrary JSON or XML — supported with a manually authored mapping

If your data type is not listed, contact the project team — the pipeline is designed to accept any extractor that produces linked data output.


Stage 1 — Supported Data Sources

The table below shows which extractor handles each source type, what vocabularies the linked data output uses, and the current readiness level.

Data source Extractor Output vocabularies Status Notes
CSV / TSV / ASC lab files CSVToCSVW CSVW, QUDT, OA, PROV-O Production Upload a CSV to CKAN and the full transformation runs automatically
OMERO microscopy image server OmeroExtractor OME, OA, QUDT, PROV-O Early stage Publicly deployed; example dataset: BAMresearch/DF-TEM-PAW
OpenBIS ELN/LIMS OpenBISmantic Schema.org, DCAT, PROV-O Demonstrator Requires your own OpenBIS instance; output also includes RO-Crate
Catena-X / SAMM aspect model JSON Mapping-based (two-stage) PMDco Production 26 live mappings; first maps to Catena-X vocabulary, then bridges to PMDco
IDTA / AAS submodel JSON Mapping-based (direct) PMDco Production Single-stage — AAS structure maps directly to PMDco
SQL databases Ontop (external tool) Any (configurable) External tool Enables SPARQL queries over relational databases; no built-in DataStack integration yet
Existing RDF or JSON-LD Direct ingest Already compatible Built-in Pipeline accepts all standard RDF formats without transformation
Arbitrary JSON or XML Mapping-based (direct) Any (configurable) Built-in Requires a manually authored mapping; no automatic semantic enrichment

After the extraction step, all source types flow through the same transformation and storage path.


Stage 2 — How Transformation Works

Once your source data is extracted, it is transformed into linked data using a pattern — a template that defines the target structure. There are two paths depending on whether your source already has its own data model.

Path When it applies What happens
Direct Source data maps directly to the target vocabulary — default for CSV and most lab files Data is converted to linked data in a single step
Two-stage via intermediate format Source has its own vocabulary (e.g. Catena-X SAMM, AAS submodels) that differs structurally from the target Data is first converted to an intermediate format, then re-mapped to the target vocabulary

See Pipeline Overview — Two Transformation Paths for more detail.


Pattern Authoring

A pattern (the PMDCO term) is a template knowledge graph that defines the target structure your data transforms into. Patterns determine which vocabulary terms appear in the output and how concepts relate to each other.

Tool Status Notes
Ontosphere Recommended Browser-based, AI-assisted, supports OWL2DL reasoning and PMDCO autoshapes (SHACL)
PMDCO pattern library Reference Reusable patterns for common materials science measurement types
IOFMaterialsTutorial Outdated Uses draw.io and old terminology — concepts only, not current tooling

The term "graph prototype" is obsolete — the correct PMDCO term is pattern.


What the Pipeline CAN Do

  • Supports all common research data formats — CSV, TSV, microscopy images (OMERO), ELN records (OpenBIS), Catena-X/SAMM JSON, AAS JSON, and existing RDF
  • Fully automated end-to-end for CSV — uploading a spreadsheet triggers the complete transformation without any manual steps (up to the knowledge graph sync)
  • Auto-mapping discovery — one mapping covers all future uploads with matching column structure; no per-file configuration needed
  • Query across all datasets — once transformed, all linked data in a CKAN dataset can be queried together through a single endpoint
  • Reasoning over your data — the knowledge graph supports OWL/RDFS inference so implicit relationships can be surfaced automatically
  • Use components independently — the transformation services work without the CKAN data portal for integration into other workflows
  • Harvestable metadata — DCAT-compliant metadata makes your datasets discoverable by external catalogues
  • Export in any standard format — linked data output is available in multiple standard formats for use in other tools

What the Pipeline CANNOT Do (Current Limitations)

  • Knowledge graph sync is not fully automatic — after uploading data, you need to manually trigger the sync to the knowledge graph from the CKAN portal interface; the automatic hook is present but disabled
  • Files on private networks are not directly accessible — some pipeline steps require your files to be reachable via a public URL; uploading via the portal bypasses this restriction
  • No input data validation before transformation — if your file has unexpected column names, the transformation may produce an empty result without warning
  • No versioning of the knowledge graph — the knowledge graph is rebuilt from scratch on each sync; there is no history or change tracking
  • No incremental updates — every change triggers a full rebuild, not just an update of changed records
  • Microscopy and ELN support requires additional setup — OMERO and OpenBIS extractors are not included in the standard installation; they require their own deployment configuration